Guía del proceso DGP
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Fases
1 y; 2: Regulación a la baja
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Estimulación del ciclo hormonal femenino natural
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Fase
3: Recogida de gametos femeninos |
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Fase
4: Fertilización
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Fase
5: Selección de embriones
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Fase
6: Transferencia de embriones
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Fase
7: Asistencia post-tratamiento y embarazo
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Fases 1 y;
2
Regulación a la baja y estimulación del ciclo hormonal
femenino natural.
La disponibilidad de múltiples gametos femeninos es esencial para que nuestros embriólogos fertilicen un número de gametos femeninos con el esperma de la pareja antes de proceder a la selección del sexo e implantar los embriones elegidos en el útero femenino.
1. Aplicamos el proceso de regulación a la baja a las hormonas naturales de la mujer, utilizando un pulverizador nasal durante 14 días. Esta técnica detiene la liberación de hormonas que normalmente estimulan los ovarios. Se empieza a aplicar el pulverizador nasal en el día 21 del ciclo menstrual y se utiliza durante 14 días. Tras esto, se lleva a cabo un reconocimiento, análisis de sangre o exploración con escáner al final del periodo de la mujer utilizando el pulverizador para garantizar que se ha producido una regulación a la baja completa.
2. Fase de estimulación en la que, mediante una inyección subcutánea y durante un periodo de 10 a 14 días, se administran diariamente inyecciones que contienen las hormonas humanas llamadas gonadotropinas (hormonas que maduran los gametos femeninos] para estimular los ovarios a producir un número de folículos ováricos. Una serie de exploraciones con escáner ayuda a determinar el índice de crecimiento folicular en cada ovario y es posible que se practiquen análisis de sangre adicionales para confirmar el desarrollo folicular.
3. Después de 10 u 11 días, se administra un tipo diferente de hormona para completar el proceso de maduración folicular y preparar los folículos para la recogida de gametos femeninos. Esta es la última fase del tratamiento llevada a cabo antes de que la pareja se desplace a nuestras clínicas asociadas del extranjero, donde se completarán las fases restantes.
Fase 3: Egg
Collection
This straight-forward procedure takes 20-30 minutes and is usually
carried out under a local anaesthetic, using transvaginal ultrasound
directed egg recovery to provide high definition images on a scanner
monitor to ensure pinpoint accuracy. The procedure involves drawing
the fluid from each follicle using a vaginal probe and needle. The
content of each follicle is passed directly to the embryologist
working in an adjacent laboratory. As each egg is found, the gynaecologist
will move on to the next ripe follicle - usually 6 follicles from
each ovary will be aspirated producing around 10-12 mature eggs.
Fase 4: Fertilisation
After the 'egg harvest', a semen sample from the male will be carefully
prepared prior to its use in Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
or standard IVF insemination procedures, to give the highest fertilisation
rate possible. The fertilised eggs, which are now known as embryos,
are usually allowed to develop to the 8-8 cell Fase (blastocyst).
Fase 5: Embryo Selection
Usually by day 3-4 (after fertilisation), the new embryos will have
reached a sufficient Fase of development to enable the Clinic's
embryology team to differentiate the gender of individual embryos
using PGD and the normality of the embryo's chromosomes. We aim to replace 2 or 3 embryos of the couple's chosen
gender in the female’s womb, depending on the woman's age and the couple's chance with regard to embryo return.
Fase 6: Embryo Transfer.
The moment that most couples look forward to is when their embryos
are transferred from the laboratory to the uterus, using a very
fine catheter. The procedure is quick and painless. The cervix (neck
of the womb) is visualised by passing a speculum into the vagina,
before the tip of the catheter is passed through the cervical canal
into the uterus. To ensure that the tip of the catheter is in the
best possible location within the uterus, an abdominal scan is often
used. Finally, when the gynaecologist has located the optimum position,
the embryos are gently transferred from the syringe, settling in
the lining of the womb.
After a rest following embryo transfer, our female patient is ready
to join her partner, hopefully looking forward to a successful and
happy pregnancy.
One of the most often repeated questions is: "What can I do
to maximise my chance of the embryos implanting?" The answer,
realistically, is very little - other than to avoid any heavy lifting,
strenuous activity or over-zealous housework for about a week after
embryo transfer. The female partner should also, of course, avoid
becoming over tired or stressed - but in all normal circumstances,
she can resume a full, active life, going back to work, if appropriate.
Fase 7: Post treatment support and pregnancy
After egg collection, we start the female on a course of progesterone
– a hormone which nurtures the lining of the womb (endometrium)
and encourages embryo implantation. This usually continues for 6-8 weeks after embryo transfer, but it is not uncommon for the
hormone to be maintained until much further into the pregnancy -
when, around the 12th week, the placenta takes over the hormonal
support function.
In most pregnancies arising from PGD, there will be no need for
anything more than the routine ante-natal monitoring which should
normally be provided through the couple's local health services.
However, our interest doesn’t stop when you leave the Rainsbury
Clinic after successful embryo transfer - and we ask all couples
to keep in close contact with us and alert us to any concerns or difficulties
immediately. Pregnancy can produce a variety of side-effects and
no two pregnancies are the same. Concerns are always dealt with
quickly and effectively, but if at any time, a couple become worried
about any aspect of the pregnancy, we will arrange for the partners
to be seen almost immediately - as close to their home as possible
- and carry out any necessary tests and examinations. Private antenatal
care and delivery can be arranged if required.
Because this programme utilises assisted conception and embryology
techniques widely used throughout the world for many years, the
associated risks and complications are few, and small. However,
as with any surgical procedure, there are slight risks of infection,
together with a small risk of ectopic or multiple pregnancies, miscarriage,
and of ovarian hyperstimulation, when the ovaries over-respond to
the drug regime, requiring the treatment to be cancelled. Because
patients are carefully monitored throughout their treatment and
pregnancy, there is very little risk of these complications. We
would simply ask to be informed in the event of any concern, however
small.
Rest assured, our sole aim is to give you a healthy, normal baby
of your chosen gender.
For more detailed information please click
here for a copy of your full guide which you can download and
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UK callers Tel 0800 545685
For callers
outside the UK +44 20 3608 4426
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